convert old rst manuals to org mode

This is just the initial conversion with pandoc, they still need to be
fixed up. Also define new org files as a project in yas-doc-helper.el.
This commit is contained in:
Noam Postavsky 2013-11-23 22:34:26 -05:00
parent d451fef0ab
commit f6cace08f3
7 changed files with 1082 additions and 7 deletions

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* Frequently Asked Questions
** Why is there an extra newline?
If you have a newline at the end of the snippet definition file, then
YASnippet will add a newline when you expanding a snippet. Please don't
add a newline at the end if you don't want it when you saving the
snippet file.
Note some editors will automatically add a newline for you. In Emacs, if
you set =require-final-newline= to =t=, it will add the final newline
for you automatically.
** Why doesn't TAB expand a snippet?
First check the mode line to see if there's =yas=. If not, then try
=M-x yas-minor-mode= to manually turn on the minor mode and try to
expand the snippet again. If it works, then, you can add the following
code to your =.emacs= /before/ loading YASnippet:
where =the-major-mode= is the major mode in which =yas-minor-mode= isn't
enabled by default.
From YASnippet 0.6 you can also use the command =M-x yas-global-mode= to
turn on YASnippet automatically for /all/ major modes.
If =yas-minor-mode= is on but the snippet still not expanded. Then try
to see what command is bound to the =TAB= key: press =C-h k= and then
press =TAB=. Emacs will show you the result.
You'll see a buffer prompted by Emacs saying that
=TAB runs the command ...=. Alternatively, you might see
=<tab> runs the command ...=, note the difference between =TAB= and
=<tab>= where the latter has priority. If you see =<tab>= bound to a
command other than =yas-expand=, (e.g. in =org-mode=) you can try the
following code to work around:
replace =org-mode-hook= and =org-mode-map= with the major mode hook you
are dealing with (Use =C-h m= to see what major mode you are in).
As an alternative, you can also try
To /advise/ the modes indentation function bound to TAB, (in this case
=ruby-indent-line=) to first try to run =yas-expand=.
If the output of =C-h k RET <tab>= tells you that =<tab>= is indeed
bound to =yas-expand= but YASnippet still doesn't work, check your
configuration and you may also ask for help on the
[[http://groups.google.com/group/smart-snippet][discussion group]]. See
this particular
[[http://code.google.com/p/yasnippet/issues/detail?id=93&can=1][thread]]
for quite some solutions and alternatives.
Don't forget to attach the information on what command is bound to TAB
as well as the mode information (Can be obtained by =C-h m=).
** Why doesn't TAB navigation work with flyspell
A workaround is to inhibit flyspell overlays while the snippet is
active:
This is apparently related to overlay priorities. For some reason, the
=keymap= property of flyspell's overlays always takes priority over the
same property in yasnippet's overlays, even if one sets the latter's
=priority= property to something big. If you know emacs-lisp and can
solve this problem, drop a line in the
[[http://groups.google.com/group/smart-snippet][discussion group]].
** How do I turn off the minor mode where in some buffers
The best way, since version 0.6.1c, is to set the default value of the
variable =yas-dont-activate= to a lambda function like so:
This is also the default value starting for that version. It skips the
minor mode in buffers where it is not applicable (no snippet tables),
but only once you have setup your yas-root-directory.
** How do I define an abbrev key containing characters not supported by
the filesystem?
- *Note*: This question applies if you're still defining
snippets :: whose key /is/ the filename. This is behavior stil
provided by version 0.6 for backward compatibilty, but is somewhat
deprecated...
For example, you want to define a snippet by the key =<= which is not a
valid character for filename on Windows. This means you can't use the
filename as a trigger key in this case.
You should rather use the =# key:= directive to specify the key of the
defined snippet explicitly and name your snippet with an arbitrary valid
filename, =lt.yasnippet= for example, using =<= for the =# key:=
directive:

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#+OPTIONS: toc:1 #+OPTIONS: toc:1
#+STARTUP: showall #+STARTUP: showall
#+STYLE: <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheets/styles.css" />
* Quick start * Quick start
*YASnippet* is a template system for Emacs. It allows you to type an *YASnippet* is a template system for Emacs. It allows you to type an
@ -83,12 +81,40 @@
files that guide it with more difficult importations. The idea is to deprecate files that guide it with more difficult importations. The idea is to deprecate
=/snippets= and replace it with =extras/imported=. =/snippets= and replace it with =extras/imported=.
** Documentation, issues, etc ** Documentation
Please refer to the comprehensive [[http://capitaomorte.github.com/yasnippet][documentation]] for full customization and The documentation has been split into separate parts:
support. If you think you've found a bug, please report it on [[https://github.com/capitaomorte/yasnippet/issues][the GitHub
issue tracker]]. (please **do not** submit new issues to the old [[http://code.google.com/p/yasnippet/issues/list][googlecode 1. [[file:snippet-organization.org][Organizing Snippets]]
tracker]]) #+BEGIN_QUOTE
Describes ways to organize your snippets in the hard disk.
#+END_QUOTE
2. [[file:snippet-expansion.org][Expanding Snippets]]
#+BEGIN_QUOTE
Describes how YASnippet chooses snippets for expansion at point.
Maybe, you'll want some snippets to be expanded in a particular mode,
or only under certain conditions, or be prompted using =ido=, etc...
#+END_QUOTE
3. [[file:snippet-development.org][Writing Snippets]]
#+BEGIN_QUOTE
Describes the YASnippet definition syntax, which is very close (but
not equivalent) to Textmate's. Includes a section about converting
TextMate snippets.
#+END_QUOTE
4. [[file:snippet-menu.org][The YASnippet menu]]
#+BEGIN_QUOTE
Explains how to use the YASnippet menu to explore, learn and modify
snippets.
#+END_QUOTE
** Bugs, discussion, contributions, etc
If you think you've found a bug, please report it on [[https://github.com/capitaomorte/yasnippet/issues][the GitHub issue tracker]]
(please **do not** submit new issues to the old [[http://code.google.com/p/yasnippet/issues/list][googlecode tracker]]).
If you run into problems using YASnippet, or have snippets to contribute, If you run into problems using YASnippet, or have snippets to contribute,
post to the [[http://groups.google.com/group/smart-snippet][yasnippet forum]]. Thank you very much for using YASnippet! post to the [[http://groups.google.com/group/smart-snippet][yasnippet forum]]. Thank you very much for using YASnippet!

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* Writing snippets
** Snippet development
*** Quickly finding snippets
There are some ways you can quickly find a snippet file:
- =M-x yas-new-snippet=
Prompts you for a snippet name, then tries to guess a suitable
directory to store it, prompting you for creation if it does not
exist. Finally, places you in a new buffer set to =snippet-mode= so
you can write your snippet.
- =M-x yas-find-snippets=
Lets you find the snippet file in the directory the snippet was
loaded from (if it exists) like =find-file-other-window=. The
directory searching logic is similar to =M-x yas-new-snippet=.
- =M-x yas-visit-snippet-file=
Prompts you for possible snippet expansions like
=yas-insert-snippet=, but instead of expanding it, takes you directly
to the snippet definition's file, if it exists.
Once you find this file it will be set to =snippet-mode= (see ahead) and
you can start editing your snippet.
*** Using the =snippet-mode= major mode
There is a major mode =snippet-mode= to edit snippets. You can set the
buffer to this mode with =M-x snippet-mode=. It provides reasonably
useful syntax highlighting.
Two commands are defined in this mode:
- =M-x yas-load-snippet-buffer=
#+BEGIN_QUOTE
When editing a snippet, this loads the snippet into the correct
mode and menu. Bound to =C-c C-c= by default while in
=snippet-mode=.
#+END_QUOTE
- =M-x yas-tryout-snippet=
#+BEGIN_QUOTE
When editing a snippet, this opens a new empty buffer, sets it to
the appropriate major mode and inserts the snippet there, so you
can see what it looks like. This is bound to =C-c C-t= while in
=snippet-mode=.
#+END_QUOTE
There are also /snippets for writing snippets/: =vars=, =$f= and =$m=
:-).
** File content
A file defining a snippet generally contains the template to be
expanded.
Optionally, if the file contains a line of =# --=, the lines above it
count as comments, some of which can be /directives/ (or meta data).
Snippet directives look like =# property: value= and tweak certain
snippets properties described below. If no =# --= is found, the whole
file is considered the snippet template.
Here's a typical example:
Here's a list of currently supported directives:
*** =# key:= snippet abbrev
This is the probably the most important directive, it's the abbreviation
you type to expand a snippet just before hitting =yas-trigger-key=. If
you don't specify this the snippet will not be expandable through the
key mechanism.
*** =# name:= snippet name
This is a one-line description of the snippet. It will be displayed in
the menu. It's a good idea to select a descriptive name for a snippet --
especially distinguishable among similar snippets.
If you omit this name it will default to the file name the snippet was
loaded from.
*** =# condition:= snippet condition
This is a piece of Emacs-lisp code. If a snippet has a condition, then
it will only be expanded when the condition code evaluate to some
non-nil value.
See also =yas-buffer-local-condition= in
[[snippet-expansion.html][Expanding snippets]]
*** =# group:= snippet menu grouping
When expanding/visiting snippets from the menu-bar menu, snippets for a
given mode can be grouped into sub-menus . This is useful if one has too
many snippets for a mode which will make the menu too long.
The =# group:= property only affect menu construction (See
[[snippet-menu.html][the YASnippet menu]]) and the same effect can be
achieved by grouping snippets into sub-directories and using the
=.yas-make-groups= special file (for this see
[[snippet-organization.html][Organizing Snippets]]
Refer to the bundled snippets for =ruby-mode= for examples on the
=# group:= directive. Group can also be nested, e.g.
=control structure.loops= tells that the snippet is under the =loops=
group which is under the =control structure= group.
*** =# expand-env:= expand environment
This is another piece of Emacs-lisp code in the form of a =let= /varlist
form/, i.e. a list of lists assigning values to variables. It can be
used to override variable values while the snippet is being expanded.
Interesting variables to override are =yas-wrap-around-region= and
=yas-indent-line= (see [[snippet-expansion.html][Expanding Snippets]]).
As an example, you might normally have =yas-indent-line= set to ='auto=
and =yas-wrap-around-region= set to =t=, but for this particularly
brilliant piece of ASCII art these values would mess up your hard work.
You can then use:
*** =# binding:= direct keybinding
You can use this directive to expand a snippet directly from a normal
Emacs keybinding. The keybinding will be registered in the Emacs keymap
named after the major mode the snippet is active for.
Additionally a variable =yas-prefix= is set to to the prefix argument
you normally use for a command. This allows for small variations on the
same snippet, for example in this "html-mode" snippet.
This binding will be recorded in the keymap =html-mode-map=. To expand a
paragraph tag newlines, just press =C-u C-c C-c C-m=. Omitting the =C-u=
will expand the paragraph tag without newlines.
*** =# contributor:= snippet author
This is optional and has no effect whatsoever on snippet functionality,
but it looks nice.
** Template syntax
The syntax of the snippet template is simple but powerful, very similar
to TextMate's.
*** Plain Text
Arbitrary text can be included as the content of a template. They are
usually interpreted as plain text, except =$= and ==. You need to
use \` to escape them: =\$= and =\=. The \` itself may also needed to be
escaped as =\\= sometimes.
*** Embedded Emacs-lisp code
Emacs-Lisp code can be embedded inside the template, written inside
back-quotes (==). The lisp forms are evaluated when the snippet is
being expanded. The evaluation is done in the same buffer as the
snippet being expanded.
Here's an example for c-mode` to calculate the header file guard
dynamically:
From version 0.6, snippets expansions are run with some special
Emacs-lisp variables bound. One of this is =yas-selected-text=. You can
therefore define a snippet like:
to "wrap" the selected region inside your recently inserted snippet.
Alternatively, you can also customize the variable
=yas-wrap-around-region= to =t= which will do this automatically.
*** Tab stop fields
Tab stops are fields that you can navigate back and forth by =TAB= and
=S-TAB=. They are written by =$= followed with a number. =$0= has the
special meaning of the /exit point/ of a snippet. That is the last place
to go when you've traveled all the fields. Here's a typical example:
*** Placeholder fields
Tab stops can have default values -- a.k.a placeholders. The syntax is
like this:
They acts as the default value for a tab stop. But when you firstly type
at a tab stop, the default value will be replaced by your typing. The
number can be omitted if you don't want to create mirrors\_ or
transformations\_ for this field.
*** Mirrors
We refer the tab stops with placeholders as a /field/. A field can have
mirrors. Its mirrors will get updated when you change the text of a
field. Here's an example:
When you type ="document"= at =${1:enumerate}=, the word ="document"=
will also be inserted at =\end{$1}=. The best explanation is to see the
screencast([[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vOj7btx3ATg][YouTube]] or
[[http://yasnippet.googlecode.com/files/yasnippet.avi][avi video]]).
The tab stops with the same number to the field act as its mirrors. If
none of the tab stops has an initial value, the first one is selected as
the field and others mirrors.
*** Mirrors with transformations
If the value of an =${n:=-construct starts with and contains =$(=, then
it is interpreted as a mirror for field =n= with a transformation. The
mirror's text content is calculated according to this transformation,
which is Emacs-lisp code that gets evaluated in an environment where the
variable =text= (or =yas-text=) is bound to the text content (string)
contained in the field =n=.Here's an example for Objective-C:
Look at =${2:$(capitalize text)}=, it is a mirror with transformation
instead of a field. The actual field is at the first line: =${2:foo}=.
When you type text in =${2:foo}=, the transformation will be evaluated
and the result will be placed there as the transformed text. So in this
example, if you type "baz" in the field, the transformed text will be
"Baz". This example is also available in the screencast.
Another example is for =rst-mode=. In reStructuredText, the document
title can be some text surrounded by "===" below and above. The "==="
should be at least as long as the text. So
is a valid title but
is not. Here's an snippet for rst title:
*** Fields with transformations
From version 0.6 on, you can also have lisp transformation inside
fields. These work mostly mirror transformations but are evaluated when
you first enter the field, after each change you make to the field and
also just before you exit the field.
The syntax is also a tiny bit different, so that the parser can
distinguish between fields and mirrors. In the following example
=mydefine= gets automatically upcased to =MYDEFINE= once you enter the
field. As you type text, it gets filtered through the transformation
every time.
Note that to tell this kind of expression from a mirror with a
transformation, YASnippet needs extra text between the =:= and the
transformation's =$=. If you don't want this extra-text, you can use two
=$='s instead.
Please note that as soon as a transformation takes place, it changes the
value of the field and sets it its internal modification state to
=true=. As a consequence, the auto-deletion behaviour of normal fields
does not take place. This is by design.
*** Choosing fields value from a list and other tricks
As mentioned, the field transformation is invoked just after you enter
the field, and with some useful variables bound, notably
=yas-modified-p= and =yas-moving-away-p=. Because of this feature you
can place a transformation in the primary field that lets you select
default values for it.
The =yas-choose-value= does this work for you. For example:
See the definition of =yas-choose-value= to see how it was written using
the two variables.
Here's another use, for LaTeX-mode, which calls reftex-label just as you
enter snippet field 2. This one makes use of =yas-modified-p= directly.
The function =yas-verify-value= has another neat trick, and makes use of
=yas-moving-away-p=. Try it and see! Also, check out this
[[http://groups.google.com/group/smart-snippet/browse_thread/thread/282a90a118e1b662][thread]]
*** Nested placeholder fields
From version 0.6 on, you can also have nested placeholders of the type:
This allows you to choose if you want to give this =div= an =id=
attribute. If you tab forward after expanding it will let you change
"some\_id" to whatever you like. Alternatively, you can just press =C-d=
(which executes =yas-skip-and-clear-or-delete-char=) and go straight to
the exit marker.
By the way, =C-d= will only clear the field if you cursor is at the
beginning of the field /and/ it hasn't been changed yet. Otherwise, it
performs the normal Emacs =delete-char= command.
** Customizable variables
*** =yas-trigger-key=
The key bound to =yas-expand= when function =yas-minor-mode= is active.
Value is a string that is converted to the internal Emacs key
representation using =read-kbd-macro=.
Default value is ="TAB"=.
*** =yas-next-field-key=
The key to navigate to next field when a snippet is active.
Value is a string that is converted to the internal Emacs key
representation using =read-kbd-macro=.
Can also be a list of keys.
Default value is ="TAB"=.
*** =yas-prev-field-key=
The key to navigate to previous field when a snippet is active.
Value is a string that is converted to the internal Emacs key
representation using =read-kbd-macro=.
Can also be a list of keys.
Default value is =("<backtab>" "<S-tab>)"=.
*** =yas-skip-and-clear-key=
The key to clear the currently active field.
Value is a string that is converted to the internal Emacs key
representation using =read-kbd-macro=.
Can also be a list of keys.
Default value is ="C-d"=.
*** =yas-good-grace=
If non-nil, don't raise errors in inline Emacs-lisp evaluation inside
snippet definitions. An error string "[yas] error" is returned instead.
*** =yas-indent-line=
The variable =yas-indent-line= controls the indenting. It is bound to
='auto= by default, which causes your snippet to be indented according
to the mode of the buffer it was inserted in.
Another variable =yas-also-auto-indent-first-line=, when non-nil does
exactly that :-).
To use the hard-coded indentation in your snippet template, set this
variable to =fixed=.
To control indentation on a per-snippet basis, see also the directive
=# expand-env:= in [[snippet-development.html][Writing Snippets]].
For backward compatibility with earlier versions of YASnippet, you can
also place a =$>= in your snippet, an =(indent-according-to-mode)= will
be executed there to indent the line. This only takes effect when
=yas-indent-line= is set to something other than ='auto=.
*** =yas-wrap-around-region=
If non-nil, YASnippet will try to expand the snippet's exit marker
around the currently selected region. When this variable is set to t,
this has the same effect has using the =`yas-selected-text=` inline
evaluation.
Because on most systems starting to type deletes the currently selected
region, this works mostly for snippets with direct keybindings or with
the =yas-insert-snippet= command.
However, when the value is of this variable is =cua= YASnippet will
additionally look-up any recently selected that you deleted by starting
typing. This allows you select a region, type a snippet key (deleting
the region), then press =yas-trigger-key= to see the deleted region
spring back to life inside your new snippet.
*** =yas-triggers-in-field=
If non-nil, =yas-next-field-key= can trigger stacked expansions, that is
a snippet expansion inside another snippet expansion. Otherwise,
=yas-next-field-key= just tries to move on to the next field.
*** =yas-snippet-revival=
Non-nil means re-activate snippet fields after undo/redo.
*** =yas-after-exit-snippet-hook= and =yas-before-expand-snippet-hook=
These hooks are called, respectively, before the insertion of a snippet
and after exiting the snippet. If you find any strange but functional
use for them, that's probably a design flaw in YASnippet, so let us
know.
** Importing TextMate snippets
There are a couple of tools that take TextMate's ".tmSnippet" xml files
and create YASnippet definitions:
#+BEGIN_QUOTE
- [[http://code.nokrev.com/?p=snippet-copier.git;a=blob_plain;f=snippet_copier.py][a
python script by Jeff Wheeler]]
- a
[[http://yasnippet.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/extras/textmate_import.rb][ruby
tool]] , =textmate_import.rb= adapted from
[[http://www.neutronflux.net/2009/07/28/shoulda-snippets-for-emacs/][Rob
Christie's]], which I have uploaded to the repository.
#+END_QUOTE
In this section, i'll shortly cover the *second* option.
Download the =textmate_import.rb= tool and the TextMate bundle you're
interested in.
Then invoke =textmate_import.rb= like this:
You should end up with a =html-mode= subdir containing snippets exported
from textmate.
The =-g= is optional but helps the tool figure out the grouping.
According to [[snippet-organization.html][Organizing Snippets]], don't
forget to touch =.yas-make-groups= and =.yas-ignore-filename-triggers=
inside the =html-mode= dir.
Also try =textmate_import.rb --help= for a list of options.
Please note that snippet importation is not yet perfect. You'll probably
have some adjustments to some/many snippets. Please contribute these
adjustments to the google group or, better yet, patch the
=textmate_import.rb= to automatically perform them and submit that.

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* Expanding snippets
** Triggering expansion
You can use YASnippet to expand snippets in different ways:
- By typing an abbrev, the snippet /trigger key/, and then pressing the
key defined in =yas-trigger-key= (which defaults to "TAB"). This
works in buffers where the minor mode =yas-minor-mode= is active;
- By invoking the command =yas-insert-snippet= (either by typing
=M-x yas-insert-snippet= or its keybinding). This does /not/ require
=yas-minor-mode= to be active.
- By using the keybinding associated with an active snippet. This also
requires =yas-minor-mode= to be active;
- By expanding directly from the "YASnippet" menu in the menu-bar
- By using hippie-expand
- Expanding from emacs-lisp code
*** Trigger key
When =yas-minor-mode= is enabled, the keybinding taken from
=yas-trigger-key= will take effect.
=yas-trigger-key= invokes =yas-expand=, which tries to expand a /snippet
abbrev/ (also known as /snippet key/) before point.
The default key is ="TAB"=, however, you can freely set it to some other
key.
[[images/minor-mode-indicator.png]]
To enable the YASnippet minor mode in all buffers globally use the
command =yas-global-mode=.
When you use =yas-global-mode= you can also selectively disable
YASnippet in some buffers by setting the buffer-local variable
=yas-dont-active= in the buffer's mode hook.
Trouble when using or understanding the =yas-trigger-key= is easily the
most controversial issue in YASsnippet. See the [[faq.html][FAQ]].
**** Fallback bahaviour
=yas-fallback-behaviour= is a customization variable bound to
='call-other-command= by default. If =yas-expand= failed to find any
suitable snippet to expand, it will disable the minor mode temporarily
and find if there's any other command bound the =yas-trigger-key=.
If found, the command will be called. Usually this works very well
--when there's a snippet, expand it, otherwise, call whatever command
originally bind to the trigger key.
However, you can change this behavior by customizing the
=yas-fallback-behavior= variable. If you set this variable to
='return-nil=, it will return =nil= instead of trying to call the
/original/ command when no snippet is found.
*** Insert at point
The command =M-x yas-insert-snippet= lets you insert snippets at point
/for you current major mode/. It prompts you for the snippet key first,
and then for a snippet template if more than one template exists for the
same key.
The list presented contains the snippets that can be inserted at point,
according to the condition system. If you want to see all applicable
snippets for the major mode, prefix this command with =C-u=.
The prompting methods used are again controlled by
=yas-prompt-functions=.
*** Snippet keybinding
See the section of the =# binding:= directive in
[[snippet-development.html][Writing Snippets]].
*** Expanding from the menu
See [[snippet-menu.html][the YASnippet Menu]].
*** Expanding with =hippie-expand=
To integrate with =hippie-expand=, just put =yas-hippie-try-expand= in
=hippie-expand-try-functions-list=. This probably makes more sense when
placed at the top of the list, but it can be put anywhere you prefer.
*** Expanding from emacs-lisp code
Sometimes you might want to expand a snippet directly from you own elisp
code. You should call =yas-expand-snippet= instead of =yas-expand= in
this case.
As with expanding from the menubar, the condition system and multiple
candidates doesn't affect expansion. In fact, expanding from the
YASnippet menu has the same effect of evaluating the follow code:
See the internal documentation on =yas-expand-snippet= for more
information.
** Controlling expansion
*** Eligible snippets
YASnippet does quite a bit of filtering to find out which snippets are
eligible for expanding at the current cursor position.
In particular, the following things matter:
- Currently loaded snippets tables
These are loaded from a directory hierarchy in your file system. See
[[snippet-organization.html][Organizing Snippets]]. They are named
after major modes like =html-mode=, =ruby-mode=, etc...
- Major mode of the current buffer
If the currrent major mode matches one of the loaded snippet tables,
then all that table's snippets are considered for expansion. Use
=M-x describe-variable RET major-mode RET= to find out which major
mode you are in currently.
- Parent tables
Snippet tables defined as the parent of some other eligible table are
also considered. This works recursively, i.e. parents of parents of
eligible tables are also considered.
- Buffer-local =yas-mode-symbol= variable
This can be used to consider snippet tables whose name does not
correspond to a major mode. If you set this variable to a name , like
=rinari-minor-mode=, you can have some snippets expand only in that
minor mode. Naturally, you want to set this conditionally, i.e. only
when entering that minor mode, so using a hook is a good idea.
- Buffer-local =yas-buffer-local-condition= variable
This variable provides finer grained control over what snippets can
be expanded in the current buffer. The default value won't let you
expand snippets inside comments or string literals for example. See
The condition system\_ for more info.
*** The condition system
Consider this scenario: you are an old Emacs hacker. You like the
abbrev-way and set =yas-trigger-key= to ="SPC"=. However, you don't want
=if= to be expanded as a snippet when you are typing in a comment block
or a string (e.g. in =python-mode=).
If you use the =# condition := directive (see
[[snippet-development.html][Writing Snippets]]) you could just specify
the condition for =if= to be =(not (python-in-string/comment))=. But how
about =while=, =for=, etc. ? Writing the same condition for all the
snippets is just boring. So has a buffer local variable
=yas-buffer-local-condition=. You can set this variable to
=(not (python-in-string/comment))= in =python-mode-hook=.
Then, what if you really want some particular snippet to expand even
inside a comment? This is also possible! But let's stop telling the
story and look at the rules:
- If =yas-buffer-local-condition= evaluate to nil, no snippets will be
considered for expansion.
- If it evaluates to the a /cons cell/ where the =car= is the symbol
=require-snippet-condition= and the =cdr= is a symbol (let's call it
=requirement=), then:
- Snippets having no =# condition:= directive won't be considered;
- Snippets with conditions that evaluate to nil (or produce an
error) won't be considered;
- If the snippet has a condition that evaluates to non-nil (let's
call it =result=):
- If =requirement= is =t=, the snippet is ready to be expanded;
- If =requirement= is =eq= to =result=, the snippet is ready to
be expanded;
- Otherwise the snippet won't be considered.
- If it evaluates to the symbol =always=, all snippets are considered
for expansion, regardless of any conditions.
- If it evaluate to =t= or some other non-nil value:
- If the snippet has no condition, or has a condition that evaluate
to non-nil, it is ready to be expanded.
- Otherwise, it won't be considered.
In the mentioned scenario, set =yas-buffer-local-condition= like this
... and specify the condition for a snippet that you're going to expand
in comment to be evaluated to the symbol =force-in-comment=. Then it can
be expanded as you expected, while other snippets like =if= still can't
expanded in comment.
*** Multiples snippet with the same key
The rules outlined [[Eligible%20snippets][above]] can return more than
one snippet to be expanded at point.
When there are multiple candidates, YASnippet will let you select one.
The UI for selecting multiple candidate can be customized through
=yas-prompt-functions= , which defines your preferred methods of being
prompted for snippets.
You can customize it with
=M-x customize-variable RET yas-prompt-functions RET=. Alternatively you
can put in your emacs-file:
Currently there are some alternatives solution with YASnippet.
[[images/x-menu.png]]
**** Use the X window system
The function =yas-x-prompt= can be used to show a popup menu for you to
select. This menu will be part of you native window system widget, which
means:
- It usually looks beautiful. E.g. when you compile Emacs with gtk
support, this menu will be rendered with your gtk theme.
- Your window system may or may not allow to you use =C-n=, =C-p= to
navigate this menu.
- This function can't be used when in a terminal.
[[images/ido-menu.png]]
**** Minibuffer prompting
You can use functions =yas-completing-prompt= for the classic emacs
completion method or =yas-ido-prompt= for a much nicer looking method.
The best way is to try it. This works in a terminal.
[[images/dropdown-menu.png]]
**** Use =dropdown-menu.el=
The function =yas-dropdown-prompt= can also be placed in the
=yas-prompt-functions= list.
This works in both window system and terminal and is customizable, you
can use =C-n=, =C-p= to navigate, =q= to quit and even press =6= as a
shortcut to select the 6th candidate.
**** Roll your own
See below for the documentation on variable =yas-prompt-functions=
** Customizable Variables
*** =yas-prompt-functions=
You can write a function and add it to the =yas-prompt-functions= list.
These functions are called with the following arguments:
- PROMPT: A string to prompt the user;
- CHOICES: A list of strings or objects;
- optional DISPLAY-FN : A function. When applied to each of the objects
in CHOICES it will return a string;
The return value of any function you put here should be one of the
objects in CHOICES, properly formatted with DISPLAY-FN (if that is
passed).
- To signal that your particular style of prompting is unavailable at
the moment, you can also have the function return nil.
- To signal that the user quit the prompting process, you can signal
=quit= with =(signal 'quit "user quit!")=
*** =yas-fallback-behavior=
How to act when =yas-expand= does /not/ expand a snippet.
- =call-other-command= means try to temporarily disable YASnippet
and :: call the next command bound to =yas-trigger-key=.
=return-nil= means return nil. (i.e. do nothing)
An entry (apply COMMAND . ARGS) means interactively call COMMAND, if
ARGS is non-nil, call COMMAND non-interactively with ARGS as arguments.
*** =yas-choose-keys-first=
If non-nil, prompt for snippet key first, then for template.
Otherwise prompts for all possible snippet names.
This affects =yas-insert-snippet= and =yas-visit-snippet-file=.
*** =yas-choose-tables-first=
If non-nil, and multiple eligible snippet tables, prompts user for
tables first.
Otherwise, user chooses between the merging together of all eligible
tables.
This affects =yas-insert-snippet=, =yas-visit-snippet-file=
*** =yas-key-syntaxes=
The default searching strategy is quite powerful. For example, in
=c-mode=, =bar=, =foo_bar=, ="#foo_bar"= can all be recognized as a
snippet key. Furthermore, the searching is in that order. In other
words, if =bar= is found to be a key to some /valid/ snippet, then that
snippet is expanded and replaces the =bar=. Snippets pointed to by
=foo_bar= and ="#foobar= won't be considered.
However, this strategy can also be customized easily from the
=yas-key-syntaxes= variable. It is a list of syntax rules, the default
value is =("w" "w_" "w_." "^ ")=. Which means search the following thing
until found one:
- a word.
- a symbol. In lisp, =-= and =?= can all be part of a symbol.
- a sequence of characters of either word, symbol or punctuation.
- a sequence of characters of non-whitespace characters.
But you'd better keep the default value unless you want to understand
how Emacs's syntax rules work...

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* YASnippet menu
When =yas-minor-mode= is active, YASnippet will setup a menu just after
the "Buffers" menu in the menubar.
In this menu, you can find
- The currently loaded snippet definitions, organized by major mode,
and optional grouping.
- A rundown of the most common commands, (followed by their
keybindings) including commands to load directories and reload all
snippet definitions.
- A series of submenus for customizing and exploring YASnippet
behavior.
[[images/menu-1.png]]
** Loading snippets from menu
Invoking "Load snippets..." from the menu invokes =yas-load-directory=
and prompts you for a snippet directory hierarchy to load.
Also useful is the "Reload all" options which uncondionally reloads all
the snippets directories defined in =yas-root-directory= and rebuilds
the menus.
** Snippet menu behavior
YASnippet will list in this section all the loaded snippet definitions
organized by snippet table name.
You can use this section to explore currently loaded snippets. If you
click on one of them, the default behavior is to expand it,
unconditionally, inside the current buffer.
You can however, customize variable =yas-visit-from-menu= to be =t=
which will take you to the snippet definition file when you select it
from the menu.
If you want the menu show only snippet tables whose name corresponds to
a "real" major mode. You do this by setting =yas-use-menu= to
='real-modes=.
Finally, to have the menu show only the tables for the currently active
mode, set =yas-use-menu= to =abbreviate=.
These customizations can also be found in the menu itself, under the
"Snippet menu behavior" submenu.
** Controlling indenting
The "Indenting" submenu contains options to control the values of
=yas-indent-line= and =yas-also-auto-indent-first-line=. See
[[snippet-development.html][Writing snippets]] .
** Prompting method
The "Prompting method" submenu contains options to control the value of
=yas-prompt-functions=. See [[snippet-expansion.html][Expanding
snippets]] .
** Misc
The "Misc" submenu contains options to control the values of more
variables.

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* Organizing snippets
** Loading snippets
Snippet definitions are stored in files in the filesystem. Unless you
use the simpler [[index.html@installation][bundle version]]), these are
arranged so that YASnippet can load them into /snippet tables/. The
triggering mechanisms (see [[snippet-expansion.html][Expanding
snippets]]) will look up these snippet tables and (hopefully) expand the
snippet you intended.
The non-bundle version of YASnippet, once unpacked, comes with a full
directory of snippets, which you can copy somewhere and use. You can
also create or download more directories.
Once these directories are in place reference them in the variable
=yas-root-directory= and load them with =yas-load-directory=:
The point in using =yas-root-directory= (as opposed to calling
=yas-load-directory= directly) is considering "~/emacs.d/mysnippets" for
snippet development, so you can use commands like =yas-new-snippet= and
others described in section [[snippet-development.html][Writing
Snippets]].
You can make this variable a list and store more items into it:
In this last example, the all the directories are loaded and their
snippets considered for expansion. However development still happens in
the first element, "~/emacs.d/mysnippets".
** Organizing snippets
Once you've setup =yas-root-directory= , you can store snippets inside
sub-directories of these directories.
Snippet definitions are put in plain text files. They are arranged by
sub-directories, and the snippet tables are named after these
directories.
The name corresponds to the Emacs mode where you want expansion to take
place. For example, snippets for =c-mode= are put in the =c-mode=
sub-directory.
*** The =.yas.parents= file
It's very useful to have certain modes share snippets between
themselves. To do this, choose a mode subdirectory and place a
=.yas-parents= containing a whitespace-separated list of other mode
names. When you reload those modes become parents of the original mode.
*** The =.yas-make-groups= file
[[images/menu-groups.png]]
If you place an empty plain text file =.yas-make-groups= inside one of
the mode directories, the names of these sub-directories are considered
groups of snippets and [[snippet-menu.html][The YASnippet Menu]] is
organized much more cleanly, as you can see in the image.
Another alternative way to achieve this is to place a =# group:=
directive inside the snippet definition. See
[[snippet-development.html][Writing Snippets]].
** YASnippet bundle
The most convenient way to define snippets for YASnippet is to put them
in a directory arranged by the mode and use =yas-load-directory= to load
them.
However, this might slow down the Emacs start-up speed if you have many
snippets. You can use =yas-define-snippets= to define a bunch of
snippets for a particular mode in an Emacs-lisp file.
Since this is hard to maintain, there's a better way: define your
snippets in directory and then call =M-x yas-compile-bundle= to compile
it into a bundle file when you modified your snippets.
The release bundle of YASnippet is produced by =yas-compile-bundle=. The
bundle uses =yas-define-snippets= to define snippets. This avoids the IO
and parsing overhead when loading snippets.
Further more, the generated bundle is a stand-alone file not depending
on =yasnippet.el=. The released bundles of YASnippet are all generated
this way.
See the internal documentation for these functions
- =M-x describe-function RET yas-define-snippets RET=
- =M-x describe-function RET yas-compile-bundle RET=.
** Customizable variables
*** =yas-root-directory=
Root directory that stores the snippets for each major mode.
If you set this from your .emacs, can also be a list of strings, for
multiple root directories. If you make this a list, the first element is
always the user-created snippets directory. Other directories are used
for bulk reloading of all snippets using =yas-reload-all=
*** =yas-ignore-filenames-as-triggers=
If non-nil, don't derive tab triggers from filenames.
This means a snippet without a =# key:= directive wont have a tab
trigger.

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@ -92,6 +92,21 @@
(define-key org-mode-map [M-f8] 'yas--internal-link-snippet) (define-key org-mode-map [M-f8] 'yas--internal-link-snippet)
;; This lets all the org files be exported to HTML with
;; `org-publish-current-project' (C-c C-e P).
(progn
(defvar yas--document-org-project-plist
`(:style
"<link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='stylesheets/styles.css'/>"
:base-directory ,default-directory
:publishing-directory ,default-directory))
(let ((project (assoc "yasnippet" org-publish-project-alist)))
(if project
(setcdr project yas--document-org-project-plist)
(push `("yasnippet" . ,yas--document-org-project-plist)
org-publish-project-alist))))
(provide 'yas-doc-helper) (provide 'yas-doc-helper)
;;; yas-doc-helper.el ends here ;;; yas-doc-helper.el ends here
;; Local Variables: ;; Local Variables: